国立感染症研究所

  In Japan, Infectious Disease Surveillance Center (IDSC) of National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID) is notified the results of isolation/detection of infectious agents from prefectural and municipal public health institutes (PHIs). Their information are based on the laboratory identification done by PHIs for the specimens collected at sentinel clinics/ hospitals under the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID), occasionally at non-sentinel sites and at health centers.

 

Figure 1.Weekly reports of rubella virus isolation/detection, week 1/2012-week 21/2013

Figure 2.Isolation/detection of rubella virus by prefecture, 2012 & 2013

Figure 3.Age distribution and gender of rubella virus isolation/detection, 2012 & 2013

 

  In 2013, the reported numbers of rubella virus isolation/detection was largely increased (Fig.1).

 

 In 2012, the information of rubella virus isolated/detected from 231 cases in 24 of 47 prefectures was reported.  Among 168 strains genotyped, the genotype 2B from 132 cases was dominant (79%), which included a case who developed rubella after returning from Thailand. The genotype 1E from 35 cases follows (21%). The genotype 1a (vaccine type) detected from a vaccinee after MR vaccination was also reported (Fig.2). 

 In 2013 (week 1 to 21), PHIs in 25 prefectures reported the information of 471 rubella virus isolation/detection.  Out of 156 strains genotyped, 145 belong to genotype 2B (93%), 10 to genotype 1E (6.4%), and 1 to genotype 1a from MR vaccinee (Fig.2).

  A number of rubella viruses were detected from measles-suspected cases, actually from which measles virus was not detected. A genotype 2B was detected from an encephalitis case. Three genotype-2B and 3 genotype-not typed were detected from 6 congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) cases.

 

  Rubella viruses were predominantly detected from males especially in their 20s to 40s. Among females, the viruses were most frequently detected from 15 to 29 years (Fig.3).

 

Infectious Agents Surveillance Report, Infectious Disease Surveillance Center,

National Institute of Infectious Diseases

Copyright 1998 National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan

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